情人節(jié)特刊：和英語單詞來場風(fēng)花雪月

　　摘要：今天是情人節(jié)，不知道有多少考研er出門過節(jié)了呢~遺憾的是據(jù)了解，考研er中的單身狗比例比較高哦，既然不能過節(jié)，出門還怕被虐，就和單詞來一場浪漫的邂逅吧~

　　1: Romantic 浪漫的

　　We associate this word with sweetness and love, but it emerged from the conquering powers of the Roman Empire.

　　雖然我們一直把romantic這個(gè)詞與"甜蜜、愛情"相聯(lián)系，但是這個(gè)詞卻來自于羅馬帝國的強(qiáng)大的征服力。

　　The expansion of ancient Rome created various dialects of Latin called "romans." (These evolved into Italian, French, Spanish, and others - the Romance languages.)

　　古羅馬帝國的擴(kuò)張致使了各種拉丁方言的誕生，這些方言被稱作"romans"。（現(xiàn)在這些方言演變?yōu)榱艘獯罄Z、法語、西班牙語等等羅曼語系。）

　　"Romans" were used to write popular stories involving chivalric or courtly love, and such tales became known as romances.

　　當(dāng)時(shí)人們用"Romans"語言來寫包括騎士時(shí)代或?qū)m廷式愛情故事在內(nèi)的各種流行小說，而這些故事后來就被稱為romances了。

　　If we describe Rome today as a "romantic" city, we're using a word that has travelled a long way to come home.

　　如果現(xiàn)在我們用"romantic"這個(gè)詞來形容羅馬的話，那我們可是把這個(gè)詞從遠(yuǎn)方帶回了它的故鄉(xiāng)呢。

　　2: Valentine 情人；情人節(jié)禮物

　　Christianity has more than one martyr named Valentine, and the one, true Valentine is uncertain.

　　基督教的殉教者中絕對(duì)不止一個(gè)人叫Valentine，而這個(gè)真正的Valentine究竟是誰并不確定。

　　Romantics favor the tale of the third-century Roman emperor and priest Valentine. Supposedly, Valentine had fallen in love with his jailer's daughter, and shortly before his death sent a letter to her "from your Valentine."

　　浪漫主義者們喜歡三世紀(jì)羅馬帝王與牧師Valentine的故事。據(jù)說，牧師Valentine同監(jiān)獄獄卒的女兒相愛了，在自己臨死前不久，他給了女孩一封信，上面寫著"來自你的Valentine"。

　　3: Amour 奸情

　　In 2010, a poll of linguists rated amour - the French word for "love," simple and sweet - the most romantic word in the world. In English, the word gains drama and loses innocence.

　　2010年語言學(xué)家們開展了一次投票，amour這個(gè)意為"愛情"的法語單詞被選為世界上最浪漫的單詞，因?yàn)樗唵斡痔鹈邸？墒堑搅擞⒄Z里，這個(gè)詞被賦予了更多戲劇感，而喪失了原本的純真。（這個(gè)詞真冤啊?。?br />
　　4: Adonis 美少年

　　In Greek mythology, the beautiful young Adonis was beloved by both Persephone and Aphrodite, so Zeusdecreed the young man should divide his time and attention between the two goddesses.

　　在希臘神話中，美少年Adonis同時(shí)受到冥界王后Persephone以及愛與美的女神Aphrodite的愛慕，最后宙斯命令A(yù)donis要分配時(shí)間和精力給兩位女神。

　　He was later killed by a wild boar - an attack that may have been arranged to avenge another of Adonis' romantic intrigues.

　　Adonis后來被一頭野豬殺死，這一次的襲擊可能是有人安排，為了替另一個(gè)與Adonis私通者報(bào)仇。

　　5: Aphrodisiac 催欲的；春藥

　　Aphrodite, Greek goddess of love (who was infatuated with Adonis) gave the Greeks the words 'aphrodisia' (heterosexual pleasure) and 'aphrodisiakos' (a gem with aphrodisiac powers).

　　從熱戀著Adonis的希臘愛神Aphrodite的名字衍生出了兩個(gè)希臘單詞：aphrodisia（性快感）和aphrodisiakos（春藥）。

　　其實(shí)aphrodisiac這個(gè)詞也不一定就是那么猥瑣的啦，比如可以這么用：

　　To me, one of the most successful attributes of an aphrodisiac meal are colors, aromas, tastes and textures that wake up the palate and challenge the mind. - Amy Reiley

　　于我而言，能激起人欲望的菜肴最成功的一些特性在于它那能挑撥味蕾、動(dòng)搖思想的色香味和口感。- Amy Reiley

　　6: Infatuation 醉心

　　An infatuation, by definition, is an emotion that shouldn't be taken too seriously. The word's etymology makes the same point. It traces back to the Latin for "foolish" or "silly," as does another insulting term: fatuous.

　　從定義上來說，infatuation所表達(dá)的這種感情是不能太當(dāng)真的。從詞源學(xué)來說也是如此。追究infatuation的起源會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它同另一個(gè)侮辱人的單詞fatuous（愚昧的）一樣，都是來自于拉丁語中某個(gè)表達(dá)"愚蠢，糊涂"意思的單詞。

　　究竟什么是infatuation，什么是love？有人給了這樣的形容：

　　Infatuation is like a roller coaster ride - crazy, scary and somewhat fun, while love is something more down to earth, less exhilarating, less dramatic but more real.

　　Infatuation就像坐過山車，刺激、心慌、又有些興奮；而love不像infatuation這樣漂浮，它沒那么令人振奮、沒那么扣人心弦，但卻更加現(xiàn)實(shí)。

　　7: Casanova 風(fēng)流漢

　　In the 1700s, Giacomo Girolamo Casanova was a spy, a clergyman, a gambler, and apparently a man of charm. He was also a writer. His autobiographical musings about his more than 100 lovers made his name abyword for a man who loves too much.

　　在18世紀(jì)，Giacomo Girolamo Casanova是一個(gè)間諜、教士、賭徒，一個(gè)極富魅力的男人。另外他還是一個(gè)作家，他在自傳中訴說了自己與100多位戀人之間的故事，使得他的名字成為了多情男人的代號(hào)。

　　8: Unrequited 沒有回報(bào)的

　　Where there's unrequited, there's requited. So what does requite mean? To requite is to give or do something in return for something that another person has given or done.

　　有unrequited那就有requite，那么requite這個(gè)詞是什么意思呢？Requite意思是"為了回報(bào)另一人的付出而給他什么東西或?yàn)樗鍪裁词?quot;。

　　So 'unrequited love' suggests an imbalance: too much love paid out and too little paid back.

　　所以'unrequited love'表達(dá)了一種不平衡：付出了那么多愛卻沒得到多少回應(yīng)。

　　單相思的人不少，一直這樣做沒有結(jié)果的努力也不行，所以說擺脫一段感情的辦法就是開始一段新的？

　　"... a good solution for unrequited love is, of course, new love." - Lucinda Rosenfeld

　　解決無回報(bào)之愛的好辦法毫無疑問就是開始一段新的戀愛。- Lucinda Rosenfeld

　　9: Saccharine 甜得讓人不舒服的，情感過分強(qiáng)烈而顯夸張的

　　Boxes of candy covered with cupids and hearts might, for some people, have a saccharine quality - both in sentiment and taste.

　　布滿丘比特畫像和心形的糖果盒對(duì)于某些人而言太過甜膩，無論是情緒上還是口感上。

　　For others, romantic and sugary excess is essential to Valentine's Day.

　　當(dāng)然也有人認(rèn)為，情人節(jié)就應(yīng)該過分浪漫過分甜。

　　Either way, saccharine comes from saccharum, Latin for "sugar." The word dates back to the 1600s. The calorie-free sweetener saccharin (without an e) arrived a couple hundred years later.

　　不管怎樣，saccharine這個(gè)詞來源于拉丁語中的saccharum，saccharum的意思是"糖"。這個(gè)單詞可以追溯到17世紀(jì)。數(shù)百年后一種零卡路里的甜味劑saccharin誕生了。

　　10: Sweetheart 情人，愛人

　　The Greeks and Egyptians believed the heart was the center of the emotions. English speakers borrowed the idea, and sweet + heart has been a term of endearment - particularly for romantic love - since the Middle Ages.

　　希臘人和埃及人都相信，心是情感的中心。英語語言者借用了這一思想，于是從中世紀(jì)開始，sweet + heart就成為了一個(gè)表達(dá)愛意的詞，尤其是浪漫的愛情。

　?。▽?shí)習(xí)小編：一二）