2016考研英語（二）完整版真題及詳細解析

Part B

Directions:

　　Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　[A]Be silly

　　[B]Have fun

　　[C]Express your emotions

　　[D]Don't overthink it

　　[E]Be easily pleased

　　[F]Notice things

　　[G]Ask for help

　　As adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.

　　41.______________

　　What does a child do when he's sad? He cries.When he's angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we grow up,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately, and then-again like children-move.

　　42.____________

　　A couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was nine years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.

　　43.______________________

　　Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies , increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection. All of which, of course, have a positive effect on happiness levels.

　　44.__________________

　　The problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with---work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might be social,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)--it doesn't matter,so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.

　　45.___________________

    Having said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:"Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.

　　意料之中的小標題。首先明確7個選項的意思。
　　首先應當把握本文的出發(fā)點，也就是41題目之前的關鍵句：我們應該從孩子身上學習一些東西。"捉住本中心，每個標題都是提醒成人可以從孩子身上得到一些啟示。

　　41.C表達情感。開頭以問句的方式："孩子悲傷時會怎樣？孩子生氣時會如何？他們的表達方式與大人不同，成人更多會選擇壓抑情感，并且會有不好的后果，比如致病。緊接著最后一句算是總結句：我們要找到一種合適的方式表達，像孩子那樣。重點在哪里？整段不離的中心意思，重復的出現(xiàn)那就是情感的表達嘍。選項為C

　　42.E舉例子的目的無非是為了證明觀點。但是從例子也是可以總結出想要表達的意思的。講到一個小女孩因為一個廉價的圣誕禮物就可以高興，并且很快樂，就旨在講小小的幸福。再來看看例子后面的觀點。提到成人的世界里所謂的車啊，房啊之類的貌似會讓我們幸福的東西其實不然。所以一個instead直接把本段的中心意思表達了出來，那就是幸福來自于小小的事情。對應選項E

　　43.A一句話出現(xiàn)在第二句。問句之后，如果我們能夠"愚蠢"那么一點點，我們將會有各種好處，對不對。那么這一段幾乎大段的篇幅都花在這一句上了，主旨更加明顯那就是：去這樣做吧。Besilly.

　　44.B這一段講到成人的世界里的確有太多讓人煩惱的東西，But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love 享受自己喜歡的東西也是很重要的。接下來舉例子，各種具體事例說明那些我們可以做的可以享受的事情，并且最后說出了他們的好處。從前往后一直再說我們應該放松，享受。所以啊，在剩下的可選擇的選項中只有have funs比較合適了。

　　45.D不要可以去想怎樣才幸福，應用了哲人的一句話來說明這個道理，旨在告訴大家當讓是過程就是幸福的了。最后可以用排除法。G尋求幫助根本未提及。F選項可以直接排除。那么對應關系，來看看D不要想太多。"無欲無求，本就是幸福啦。"最終選定D
 

Section III Translation

Directions:

　　Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

46. Directions:

　　Translate the following text into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple:The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,00 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead begin shopping emotionally - which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.
 　　參考譯文： 　　
 　　超市旨在吸引顧客盡可能長時間的停留在店中。其原因很簡單：顧客在店里停留的時間越長，看到的商品越多；而看到的商品越多，買的就會越多。超市中出售大量的商品。根據(jù)食品推廣協(xié)會的調查，普通的超市大概有44000種不同的商品；還有很多超市出售的商品高達上萬種。如此多的選擇足以使顧客面對超負荷的信息。根據(jù)腦部掃描實驗，需要快速的做這么多決定就會讓我們難以承受。大約在購物40分鐘之后，大多人就不會再努力做出理性的選擇了，取而代之的就是沖動購物——而這時，我們的購物車中已經裝了一半根本就沒想買的東西了。
 

Section IV Writing

Part A

Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend Jack wrote an email to congratulate you, and ask advice on translation. Write him a reply to

1)thank him;

2)give your advice.

You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead. Do not write the address .(10 point)

　　參考例文：
Dear Jack,
　　I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest.

　　As regard to my experience, I would like to offer you some proposals in this part. First and foremost, I strongly suggest you that you need to practice with painstaking effort in this field. What’s more, you had better have more communication with foreigners, which guarantees that you have a deep understanding of foreign culture. Last but not least, you are supposed to participate in some international events to accumulate a wealth of practical experience.

　　Thanks again and I do hope you could take my suggestions into consideration. I wish you have good luck and make a great success in your future study.

                                                       Yours sincerely,

                                                       Li Ming

　　如大家所見，這是2016年英語二小作文題目。英語（二）考綱的寫作部分，其實主要考查學生的應用能力，考查范圍包括私人和公務信函、備忘錄、報告等，還應能寫一般描述性、敘述性和說明或議論性的文章；而要求考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出一篇約100詞（標點符號不計算在內）的應用性短文。
　　作為寫作B部分的小作文總分10分，大家要抓住得分點。小作文在評分時有如下評分要點：1.信息點——覆蓋全面；2.內容——組織連貫；3.語言——準確性；4.格式——符合要求；5.語域——恰當。
　　預料之中，今年英語二的小作文再次考查了書信體，并且考查的信件可以說是雜糅型的。這在2011年英語二中出現(xiàn)了同樣的考查方式：

Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admitted to a university write him/her a letter to：

（1）Congratulate him/her，and

（2）give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter，Use zhangwei.

（3）Congratulate him/her，and

（4）give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life

　　同樣的考查方式，足以說明一件事情——絕對要重視考研真題。老師們總在強調真題的重要性，好多同學不與重視，希望大家以后一定要強化這種認識。
下面我們來詳細解讀下今年的小作文，首先看一下題目要求：
　　稱呼：Dear Jack注意稱呼中，后面的逗號不可丟，也不能寫成冒號。
　　正文
　　建議大家三步走策略——簡潔、直接、明了：寫作目的、寫作是由、重申目的
　　第一段：寫作內容需涵蓋兩點：寫信目的，表明感謝來自朋友的祝賀；可以采用這樣的表達方式：I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest.
　　第二段：寫作內容應以建議為主體。在這個過程中可以把日常我們如何提高的方式寫進正文，比如多加練習、多與外國人交流，多多接觸國際事務等。本篇老師主要從這些方面進行論述，表達如下As regard to my experience, I would like to offer you some proposals in this part. First and foremost, I strongly suggest you that you need to practice with painstaking effort in this field. What’s more, you had better have more communication with foreigners, which guarantees that you have a deep understanding of foreign culture. Last but not least, you are supposed to   participate in some international events to accumulate a wealth of practical experience.
　　第三段：再次強調重申寫信目的，如ThaThanks again and I do hope you could take my suggestions into consideration. I wish you have good luck and make a great success in your future study.
落款：Yours sincerely,  特別提醒sincerely后面逗號不能丟；簽名：Li Ming特別注意Ming 后面一定不能出現(xiàn)句點。
 

Part B

48.Directions:
　　Write an essay based on the following chart. you should
　　1）interpret the chart and
　　2）give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points).

　　某高校學生旅游目的調查

　　參考例文：

　　As is clearly reflected in the above pie chart, the purpose of students travelling abroad demonstrates obvious differences in one college of China. According to the data given, the purpose of enjoying the beautiful landscape takes a comparatively large share, accounting for 37%, while that of relieving pressure also takes away 20% of the whole proportion.

　　What triggers this phenomenon? It is not difficult to put forward several factors responsible for this phenomenon. To start with, with the rapid economic development of economy, people, including college students, are becoming increasingly wealthy, which enables them to afford the once-deemed- expensive oversea traveling. In order to enjoy the charming landscape all around the world, a large proportion of students choose to travel abroad. What’s more, along with the ever-accelerating improvement of economy and society is also the ever-increasing work and life pressure. Consequently, the purpose of relieving pressure ranks the second among all the purposes for folks to travel around the world.

　　In view of the arguments above, we can conclude that the current phenomenon is of no surprise. And therefore, it can be predicted that admiring the scenery and alleviating pressure will still be the main purpose for people to arrange a traveling to other countries.

　　作文解析
　　今年英語二作文的題目比較好寫，因為標題和圖示非常清晰明白。圖表顯示了某高校學生旅游目的調查,考生分析原因的話也會很簡單。下面分三段簡要地說一下這三段應該怎么寫。
　　第一段主要是描述圖表。圖表一目了然，數(shù)量詞百分比也是大家熟悉的詞匯，表述數(shù)據(jù)時，圖中有四五組數(shù)據(jù)，由于字數(shù)的限制以及為了寫作的便利可以突出較大比例的"欣賞風景"和"緩解壓力"，注意引入百分比的表達方式。
　　第二段給出你的評論，主要寫這種情況的原因。主要要結合圖表描述的內容從兩個方面寫起。一方面為什么為了欣賞風景而旅行的目的占37%，另一方面為什么緩解壓力會占到33%比例。
　　最后結尾段落可簡要得出結論，這種現(xiàn)象并不奇怪，還將繼續(xù)下去。

　　來這里，突破復試最后一道防線！