考研語法入門篇：特殊限定詞的用法比較

　　摘要：考研英語中，冠詞、物主限定詞、名詞屬格、指示限定詞、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞等等，都屬于限定詞。今天幫幫與大家一起學習一些特殊限定詞的用法。

　　?表示“多”的限定詞

　　表示“多”的限定詞有many, much, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等。

　　1）many, much常用于否定句和疑問句，而a lot of等則常用于肯定句。

　　I haven't seen many English novels.

　　Have you drunk much water today?

　　I have seen a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great number of English novels.

　　I have drunk a lot of / lots of / plenty of / a great amount of water today.

　　2）many / much 既可作限定詞，也可作不定代詞，a lot 也可單獨用作名詞詞組：

　　Have you seen all these novels? ----No, I haven't done very many.

　　You have done a lot for me.

　　?表示“少”的限定詞

　　表示“少”的限定詞有(a) few, (a) little。

　　1）a few, a little表示"少量"，帶有肯定意義。

　　Let's invite a few friends to our party.

　　I had a little difficulty in reading this poem.

　　2）few / little表示否定意義，相當于not many / much, not enough。

　　I have very few pens left. Could you give me some more.

　　There is little food in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket.

　　3）quite a few, a good few, not a few表示“相當多”。

　　Quite a few of us are getting tired.

　　You'll have to wait a good few days.

　　?表示“一些”的限定詞

　　表示“一些”的限定詞有some, any。

　　1）some 是肯定詞，常用于肯定句；any是非肯定詞，常用于否定句或疑問句。

　　There are some books for me.

　　There aren't any books for me.

　　Are there any books for me?

　　2）any也常用于條件分句：

　　If you have any trouble, please call me.

　　3）當說話人期待肯定回答時，some也可用于疑問句。

　　Would you like some cake?

　　4）some與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配時,表示“某一”；any與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配，表示“任何一個”。

　　Some boy has broken the bowl.

　　Any child could answer that question.

　　?特殊限定詞

　　1） 表示“全體”，可用all 和both。其中both則表示兩者的“全體”，all表示三者及以上的“全體”。

　　All the ten applicants today are below the average. 今天所有這十位申請者都在平均數(shù)以下。

　　Both his parents are doctors. 他父母兩人都是醫(yī)生。

　　2）表示“全體都不”，則需要用none和neither：both---neither，all---none/ none（指人）。

　　None of the students passed the examination. 沒有一個學生通過考試。

　　= No one passed the examination. 沒有一個學生通過考試。（no one只能指人，不能指物。）

　　Neither of the two students passed the examination. 兩個學生都沒有通過考試。

　　3）表示全體中的“每個”"，用each和every。其中，兩者之間必須用each，三者及以上既可以用each，也可以用every。

　　Each side of the street was full of flowers. 街道的兩邊都是鮮花。

　　Every student in the class all passed the examination. 這個班的每個學生都通過了考試。

　　4）表示全體中的“任何一個”，兩者之間用either，三者及以上用any。

　　I have two pens. You can take either (one).

　　Any child would know how to do it. 每個孩子都知道如何做這個。

　　5）這一類詞，除every只能作限定詞外，都是既可作限定詞，也可作不定代詞。

　　all (of) the boys

　　both (of) the boys

　　every boy / every one of the boys

　　each boy / each (one) of the boys

　　either boy / either (one) of the (two) boys

　　neither boy / neither (one) of the (two) boys

　　any boy / any (one) of the (three or more) boys

　?。▽嵙曅【帲憾?/p>