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2016考研:英語(yǔ)翻譯之強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)

  【摘要】在考研英語(yǔ)科目中的翻譯題里,有的時(shí)候會(huì)涉及到一些強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的知識(shí),接下來(lái)就幫助大家了解和認(rèn)識(shí)翻譯題中的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。考研幫攜手2016大綱解析人第一時(shí)間解讀大綱,點(diǎn)擊免費(fèi)報(bào)名。

  
  
  ?強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)
  Such good students we have never seen.像這樣好的學(xué)生,我們還從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)。(直接按照英語(yǔ)順序翻譯)
  Not a word did she say the whole two hours.整整兩個(gè)小時(shí)她一句話也沒(méi)有說(shuō)。(把賓語(yǔ)還原到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面翻譯)

  ?強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)
  At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use or menace to use nuclear weapons.在任何時(shí)候和任何情況下,中國(guó)都不會(huì)首先使用或威脅使用核武器。(直接按照英語(yǔ)的順序翻譯)
  Never will they give up the struggle for freedom and peace.他們絕對(duì)不會(huì)放棄為自由和和平而斗爭(zhēng)。(把狀語(yǔ)還原到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面翻譯)

  ?強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
  一、英語(yǔ)中通過(guò)改變語(yǔ)序來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào),常把要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分往前提,翻譯時(shí)還原正常語(yǔ)序。
  Electronic computers make possible the fast complicated calculation.電子計(jì)算機(jī)使快速進(jìn)行復(fù)雜計(jì)算成為可能。(把possible還原為到賓語(yǔ)后面)
  A scandal people call the whole matter.人們把這件事稱為丑聞。(把a(bǔ) scandal還原為到賓語(yǔ)后面)

  二、在動(dòng)詞前面加上助動(dòng)詞do,也是英語(yǔ)中一種表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的方法。翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí),可使用“的確,確實(shí),務(wù)必,一定,千萬(wàn),真的”等詞來(lái)突出強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣。
  She did accomplish the task in time.她的確準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了任務(wù)。
  We do have sufficient food and drink.我們確實(shí)有足夠的事物和飲料。

  三、英語(yǔ)中,如果在what, where, who ,why, how等疑問(wèn)詞后面加上the devil,the hell, on earth, in(或under)heaven等詞組用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,有時(shí)在某些否定詞或最高級(jí)后面也可以加上on earth以增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí),可以增加“究竟,到底”等詞來(lái)處理。
  Who the devil is that woman?那個(gè)女人究竟是誰(shuí)?
  What on earth is the matter over there?那里到底發(fā)生了什么事情?
  How on earth can one accomplish such a feat?一個(gè)人怎么能夠完成如此偉大的工作呢?

  四、It is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。
  It was Professor Wu that (who) sent me the letter.給我寄信的正是吳教授。(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))
  It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做實(shí)驗(yàn)的正是我父親。(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))
  It was I myself who opened the window.是我自己打開(kāi)的窗戶。(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)及其同位語(yǔ))
  It was your mother-in-law that (whom) I met in the park the day before yesterday.前天我在公園里碰到的正是你的岳母。(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))
  It is this novel they talked about last week. 他們上周討論的就是這本小說(shuō)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))
  It was at an evening party that I first saw her.我是在一次晚會(huì)上第一次見(jiàn)到她的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))
  It was when Hemingway lived in Cuba that he wrote The Old Man and the Sea.海明威是生活在古巴的時(shí)候?qū)懙摹独先伺c?!?。(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))
  It is only when one is ill that one realizes the importance of health.只有在人們生病了才知道健康的重要性。(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))
  It was not until recently that scientists know much about lung cancer.直到最近,科學(xué)家才對(duì)肺癌有較多的了解。(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))

  五、有些表示程度的形容詞或副詞,也可以用來(lái)增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。翻譯的時(shí)候,也可以增加“就是,正是,是,到底,究竟,完全,最”等詞來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。
  You are the very man I am looking for.你正是我要尋找的人。
  Who ever said so?到底是誰(shuí)說(shuō)的?
  The pear is rotten right through.這只梨子完全爛了。
  Put it right in the middle.把它就放在正中間吧。
  This is much the best.這是最最好的。
  That article was simply ridiculous.那篇文章簡(jiǎn)直是荒謬極了。

  ?強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)
  More serious was the problem of environmental pollution.更為嚴(yán)重的是環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。(直接按照英語(yǔ)順序翻譯)
  Very strange the thing seemed.這件事情好像很奇怪。(把表語(yǔ)還原到系動(dòng)詞后面翻譯)

  (實(shí)習(xí)編輯:趙峰)

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