從2015年考研看閱讀理解主旨題

　　跨考教育英語教研室的肖方方老師在分析今年英語真題時(shí)指出，閱讀理解中心主旨題，該類題型考查了考生綜合、概括、歸納和分析問題的能力，要求考生通過對(duì)文章的閱讀，迅速把握文章或段落的中心主旨。該類題型在歷年題型中每年會(huì)出現(xiàn)4-6分。今年的-英語一25-題也就是主旨題。
　　1.題型特點(diǎn)
　　命題方式中含有“main idea，subject，purpose”等詞。題干中出現(xiàn)下列詞之一：best title，main idea，main problem，mainly about，mainly discuss，mainly deal with或問本文的寫作目的的詞(purpose，the author intends to…)。
　　2、命題模式
　　(1)The passage is mainly about….
　　(2)Which of the following best reflects the main idea of the passage ?
　　(3)The best title for this passage might be….
　　(4)What is the main idea of the passage ?
　　3、做題步驟
　　Step1:閱讀本篇文章其他題題干，找重復(fù)的詞和觀點(diǎn)。主旨在文中不斷出現(xiàn)，而選項(xiàng)也是圍繞文章中心的，所以可以先從其他題題干找線索。
　　Step2 ：看第一段有無問句，有無轉(zhuǎn)折句。若有問句，則答案是對(duì)其的的回答。若第一段有轉(zhuǎn)折，則答案為轉(zhuǎn)折句的同意替換。
　　Step3：看有無轉(zhuǎn)折段。轉(zhuǎn)折段多出文章中心。
　　Step 4:串線摘帽也就是通讀首段和尾段及各段第一句話和轉(zhuǎn)折處。
　　Step5:運(yùn)用快速構(gòu)思成文法進(jìn)行判斷。
　　在兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)難以分辨時(shí)可以分別以它們?yōu)轭}，在腦海中快速構(gòu)思兩個(gè)寫作提綱，若所構(gòu)思提綱與原文內(nèi)容大致吻合者為正確答案，否則為干擾選項(xiàng)。
　　那接下來跨考教育肖方方老師帶領(lǐng)大家一起來看一下2015年第一篇文章。
　　25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
　　[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined
　　[B] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs
　　[C] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats
　　[D] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne
　　此題屬于全文主旨題。第一步：看其他題題干：
　　21、According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carl of span
　　22、Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly
　　23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?
　　24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles
　　在22題中我們看到話題詞Monarchs.
　　第二步，我們看看第一段中的轉(zhuǎn)折句及其后面一句so對(duì)其的引申But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, dies the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days?
　　第三步 看轉(zhuǎn)折段，此篇無，跳過去。
　　第四步:各段首句和轉(zhuǎn)折處。
　　第二段第一句The Spanish case previous arguments both for and against monarchy when public opinion is particularly.
　　第三段第一句和轉(zhuǎn)折句It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of states. But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respect public figure.
　　第五段　While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to strive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.
　　最后一段It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-healed) granny style.
　　綜合起來，著眼全文，通篇都在圍繞monarchs展開。Carlos，a Lesson for All European Monarchs是全文內(nèi)容的精確概括。按照我們的步驟。重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的就是monarchy，所以答案一定為B